Geometry

Geometryis a part of mathematics disturbed with questions of size, shape, and relative position of figures and with properties of space. Geometry is one of the important oldest sciences. Initially a body of sensible knowledge concerning lengths, areas, and volumes, in the third century B.C. geometry was put into an axiomatic form by Euclid, whose treatment set a standard for many centuries to follow. Astronomy served as an important source of geometric troubles during the next one and a half millennia.

Introduction of coordinates by Descartes and the concurrent improvement of algebra marked a new stage for geometry, since geometric figures, such as plane curves, could now be represented analytically. This played a key role in the appearance of calculus in the seventeenth century. Furthermore, the theory of outlook showed that there is more to geometry than just the metric properties of figures.